What are some parts of a horse?

Do horses have connective tissue?

For example, horses have developed a large strong band of connective tissue, called the nuchal ligament, to provide support for their relatively long and heavily muscled neck. Horses have a slower metabolism than other companion animals, with resting heart and respiratory rates that are slower than those of people.

What is the thyroid gland in a horse?

It consists of left and right lobes, which are connected at their caudal aspect by a strand of connective tissue known as the isthmus. In the horse, the two lobes of the thyroid are oval in shape and roughly the size of a plumb. Two types of hormones are produced by the thyroid gland.

What is the structure of connective tissue?

The connective tissue is composed mostly of collagen fibers. These fibers are very strong, but afford little in the way of give or stretching. Their purpose is to firmly attach a muscle to the bone. Tendons do not have a good supply of blood, so they lack the source of oxygen and nutrients that would allow faster healing.

What do horses see when they jump?

Like all herbivores, the horse has eyes that rotate, so the pupils remain parallel with the ground as the animal lowers or raises the head. During the dressage phase, if the horse’s face is vertical, he will predominantly be looking down at the ground. When jumping, the horse switches between binocular and monocular vision.

What are soft tissue giant cell tumors in horses?

Soft tissue giant cell tumors are occasionally found in horses. The majority occur in the hind limbs of older horses. Soft tissue giant cell tumors are sarcomas of possible malignancy. They seldom spread but tend to return after surgical removal. Surgical removal is the normal recommended treatment for these tumors.

What makes a horse move in motion?

Horses’ beauty in motion is achieved via the culmination of a complex and highly integrated interaction between muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, and a variety of other connective tissues. Successful coordination of all musculoskeletal system components is imperative for smooth, fluid, pain-free movement.

What is the structure of a tendon?

Tendons are made of dense connective tissue consisting of tough fibers that are aligned in long parallel bundles in the direction of stretch. The connective tissue is composed mostly of collagen fibers. These fibers are very strong, but afford little in the way of give or stretching. Their purpose is to firmly attach a muscle to the bone.

Do horses have connective tissue in their body?

Through autopsy she found that the horse has the same kind of chains and networks of connective tissue through the body, as found in humans. What is Biotensegrity?

What kind of thyroid does a horse have?

A large number of adult horses that are administered thyroid hormones probably have normal thyroid gland function. Abnormalities of thyroid function that have been described in the horse include thyroid gland neoplasia, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism.

How to diagnose hypothyroidism in horses?

Diagnosing Hypothyroidism in Horses. Diagnostic tests for thyroid hormones include some or all of the following: T4 (thyroxine or tetraiodothyronine) and T3 (triiodothyronine) are the most commonly measured thyroid hormones. All T 4 circulating in the blood has been released from the thyroid gland.

What stimulates the release of thyroid hormone in a horse?

Thyroid hormone secretion from the thyroid gland is regulated by thyrotropin or thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from the anterior pituitary, which in turn is regulated by thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) from the median eminence of the hypothalamus. Thyroid dysfunction in adult horses

What happens when a horse has its thyroid gland removed?

Surgical removal of the thyroid glands of adult horses results in decreased basal heart rate, cardiac output, respiratory rate and rectal temperature, and increased serum concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol and very low density lipoproteins.

Do horses need iodine for thyroid disease?

But the latest technology and improved blood tests indicate that true thyroid disease in horses is quite rare, and ensuring the right levels of iodine in your horse’s diet can prevent most problems. The thyroid gland is a relatively small but important organ in both horses and humans.

How to fix an enlarged thyroid in a horse?

If your horse has an enlarged thyroid gland, there’s no need to panic. Iodine-related goiters are easily corrected by adjusting iodine intake and selenium status should also be checked. For the rare cases of hyperthyroidism caused by functioning tumors, surgery is the usual treatment.

What does the thyroid gland do in a horse?

Description. The thyroid gland is a large endocrine gland that produces hormones that help determine the metabolic rate by which energy is provided for vital processes in the horse’s body. Generally, thyroid gland problems are classified as Primary: inadequate thyroid hormone production; Secondary: inadequate production…

Can horses have hypothyroidism?

Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism have been described in the horse, but true thyroid gland dysfunction is probably much rarer in horses than in some other species, including humans, dogs and cats. A large number of adult horses that are administered thyroid hormones probably have normal thyroid gland function.

What do horses see when they jump a curved fence?

“At a curved fence with the highest point in the centre, the horse would naturally see the lower sides. Brush can help here as a filler, as the horse may naturally misjudge the centre.” Horses do not see the full spectrum of hues seen in show jumping courses.

How much blood is in a horse?

The heart and blood vessels contain approximately 34 l (9.0 US gal) of blood in a 450 kg (990 lb) horse, which equates to about 76 ml/kg (1.2 oz/lb). The spleen removes damaged red blood cells from circulation.

What are giant cell tumors in horses?

Soft tissue giant cell tumors are occasionally found in horses. The majority occur in the hind limbs of older horses. Soft tissue giant cell tumors are sarcomas of possible malignancy. They seldom spread but tend to return after surgical removal.

What is a neoplasm in a horse?

Neoplasms affecting the skin or the tissue just under the skin are the most commonly seen tumors in horses. Skin tumors are diagnosed more frequently in part because they are the most easily seen and in part because the skin is constantly exposed to the external environment and the many tumor-causing factors in the environment.

What is a giant cell tumor of the soft part?

In horses, giant-cell tumors of soft parts are rare neoplasms, with the majority of reported cases occurring within the hind limb muscles and soft tissues in older horses. The following article documents 21 cases of equine giant-cell tumors of soft parts clinically examined within the state of Colorado from 2000 to 2007.

What is a vascular tumor in a horse?

Vascular tumors of the skin and soft tissues are benign growths that closely resemble blood vessels. These tumors are usually found on the head, legs, and abdomen. In horses, they are most common on the lower legs of animals less than 1 year old.

How does a horse move up and down when walking?

This up and down motion increases as the speed of the walk increases. Most horses have a trot of about 13 km/h. At the trot, the horse moves in a two-beat gait in which the legs move in diagonal pairs.